Cyanine dyes
Cyanine dyes are molecules containing polymethine bridges between two nitrogen atoms with a delocalized
Non-sulfonated cyanines
Available non-sulfonated dyes include Cy3, Cy3.5, Cy5, Cy5.5, Cy7, and Cy7.5. Cy stands for 'cyanine', and the first digit identifies the number of carbon atoms between the indolenine groups. The suffix .5 is added for benzo-fused cyanines. Most derivatives of non-sulfonated cyanines have low aqueous solubility except for hydrochlorides of hydrazides and amines. They are organic co-solvent soluble (5-20% of DMF or DMSO). When these molecules are used for biomolecule labeling, they should be dissolved in organic solvent first, and added to a solution of biomolecule (protein, peptide, amino-labeled DNA) in appropriate aqueous buffer. Fluorescent properties of non-sulfonated cyanines have little dependence on solvent and surrounding.
Sulfonated cyanines
Available sulfonated cyanines include sulfo-Cy3, sulfo-Cy5, and sulfo-Cy7, which have additional sulfo-groups that facilitate dissolution of dye molecules in aqueous phase. Charged sulfonate groups decrease aggregation of dye molecules and heavily labeled conjugates. Sulfonated cyanines are highly water soluble, and they do not use organic co-solvent for the labeling in aqueous environment.
- A8265 Cy3 hydrazide (non-sulfonated)Summary: carbonyl-reactive dye
- A8261 Cy5.5 hydrazide (non-sulfonated)Summary: carbonyl-reactive dye
- A8266 Cy3.5 hydrazide (non-sulfonated)Summary: carbonyl-reactive dye
- A8264 Cy3.5 maleimide (non-sulfonated)Summary: Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
- A8134 Cy5.5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated)Summary: Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- A8135 Cy7 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated)Summary: Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- A8136 Cy7.5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated)Summary: Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- A8137 Cy5 carboxylic acidSummary: Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- A8138 Cy3 maleimide (non-sulfonated)Summary: Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
- A8139 Cy5 maleimide (non-sulfonated)1 CitationSummary: Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules