AICAR phosphate

AICAR phosphate （Acadesine）is an activator of AMPK [1].

AICAR phosphate has been reported to induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion and that the EC50 value is 380±60μM on the viability assay of B-CLL cells. In addition, AICAR phosphate has been revealed to induce caspase activation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria in B-CLL cells. Furthermore, AICAR phosphate has shown that uptake and phosphorylation are required to induce apoptosis and activate AMPK. Apart from these, AICAR phosphate (2-4 mM) has shown to only slightly affects the viability of T cells from B-CLL patients, AICAR phosphate (0.5 mM) has been noted to remarkedly reduces viability of B cells but not T cells [1].

References:
[1] Campàs C1, Lopez JM, Santidrián AF, Barragán M, Bellosillo B, Colomer D, Gil J. Acadesine activates AMPK and induces apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells but not in T lymphocytes. Blood. 2003 May 1;101(9):3674-80. Epub 2003 Jan 9.