GNF-2 is a highly selective non-ATP competitive inhibitor of Bcr-Abl with an IC50 value of 100 to 300 nM in various cell lines.
BCR-ABL gene is fused by the BCR and ABL1 genes [1]. BCR-ABL increased production of tyrosine kinase and played an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) [2].
Unlike imatinib® that competitively inhibited the ATP-binding site of BCR-ABL kinase activity [3], GNF-2 allosterically inhibited (through binding the myristate-binding site of ABL[4]) the proliferation of BCR-ABL positive cell and induces cell apoptosis. In Ba/F3.p210 Bcr-abl–expressing cells, 48 h treatment of GNF-2 was able to inhibit the proliferation of cells with an IC50 value of 138 nM [5]. In addition, GNF-2 has been found to inhibit E255V and Y253H mutant Ba/F3 cells cell growth, with an IC50 value of 268 and 194 nM, respectively [5]. GNF-2 also caused growth inhibition of K562 and SUP-B15 with an IC50 value of 273 nM and 268 nM, respectively[5].
Injecting with BCR-ABL–expressing Ba/F3-p210 cells, 4 % lymphocytes reduction in eperipheral blood was induced [6].
References:
[1].REDDY, K. S. & GROVE, B. 1998. A Philadelphia-Negative Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with a BCR/ABL Fusion Gene on Chromosome 9. Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, 107, 48-50.
[2].RUMPOLD, H. & WEBERSINKE, G. 2011. Molecular pathogenesis of Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia - is it all BCR-ABL? Curr Cancer Drug Targets, 11, 3-19.
[3].SEGGEWISS, R., LORE, K., GREINER, E., MAGNUSSON, M. K., PRICE, D. A., DOUEK, D. C., DUNBAR, C. E. & WIESTNER, A. 2005. Imatinib inhibits T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell proliferation and activation in a dose-dependent manner. Blood, 105, 2473-2479.
[4].FABBRO, D., MANLEY, P. W., JAHNKE, W., LIEBETANZ, J., SZYTTENHOLM, A., FENDRICH, G., STRAUSS, A., ZHANG, J., GRAY, N. S., ADRIAN, F., WARMUTH, M., PELLE, X., GROTZFELD, R., BERST, F., MARZINZIK, A., COWAN-JACOB, S. W., FURET, P. & MESTAN, J. 2010. Inhibitors of the Abl kinase directed at either the ATP- or myristate-binding site. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics, 1804, 454-462.
[5].ADRIAN, F. J., DING, Q., SIM, T., VELENTZA, A., SLOAN, C., LIU, Y., ZHANG, G., HUR, W., DING, S., MANLEY, P., MESTAN, J., FABBRO, D. & GRAY, N. S. 2006. Allosteric inhibitors of Bcr-abl-dependent cell proliferation. Nat Chem Biol, 2, 95-102.
[6]. ADRIAN, F. J., DING, Q., SIM, T., VELENTZA, A., SLOAN, C., LIU, Y., ZHANG, G., HUR, W., DING, S., MANLEY, P., MESTAN, J., FABBRO, D. & GRAY, N. S. 2006. Allosteric inhibitors of Bcr-abl-dependent cell proliferation. Nat Chem Biol, 2, 95-102.
