Nigericin sodium salt
Nigericin sodium salt is an ionophore that exchanges K+ for H+ across biological membranes.
Ionophore is a lipid-soluble molecule that transports ions across the cell membrane.
In medium with Na+, nigericin scarcely affected ADP-induced platelets aggregation, and slightly inhibited thrombin-induced platelets aggregation. Also, nigericin decreased the cytoplasmic pH in the medium with Na+. The effects of nigericin on platelet aggregation are mainly due to its effects on the cytoplasmic pH [1]. The K+ ionophore nigericin is highly effective as an ionophore for Pb2+. Physiological concentrations of Ca2+ or Mg2+ didn’t inhibit nigericin-catalyzed Pb2+ transport, while K+ and Na+ concentrations (0-100 mM) modestly affected Pb2+ transport. Nigericin may be helpful in the treatment of Pb intoxication [2]. At two concentrations representing the low (5uM) and high ATP (1.5mM) ranges, Nigericin inhibited the ATP-driven transhydrogenase reaction at both ranges with a more pronounced effect on the low ATP concentration. At a concentration of 2.5 mM ATP, nigericin tripled the Oxonol response [3].
Reference:
[1]. Kitagawa S, Awai M, Kametani F. Relationship of the effects of nigericin on the aggregation and cytoplasmic pH of bovine platelets in the presence of different cations. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1987, 930(1): 48-54.
[2]. Hamidinia SA, Tan B, Erdahl WL, et al. The ionophore nigericin transports Pb2+ with high activity and selectivity: a comparison to monensin and ionomycin. Biochemistry, 2004, 43(50): 15956-15965.
[3]. Eytan GD, Carlenor E, Rydstr m J. Energy-linked transhydrogenase. Effects of valinomycin and nigericin on the ATP-driven transhydrogenase reaction catalyzed by reconstituted transhydrogenase-ATPase vesicles. J Biol Chem, 1990, 265(22): 12949-12954.
- 1. Lvyuan Fan, Zhiyu Pan, et al. "L-glutamine sensitizes Gram-positive-resistant bacteria to gentamicin killing." Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Dec 12;11(6):e0161923. PMID: 37882580
- 2. Yuan-Li Ai, Wei-Jia Wang, et al. "Mannose antagonizes GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through AMPK activated by metabolite GlcNAc-6P." Cell Res. 2023 Jul 17. PMID: 37460805
- 3. Schwartz, Hannah, et al. "In vitro Methods to Better Evaluate Drug Responses in Cancer." UMass Chan Medical School. September 8, 2022.
- 4. Di Wu, Xiangyu Zhu, et al. "Delivery of Ultrasmall Nanoparticles to the Cytosolic Compartment of Pyroptotic J774A.1 Macrophages via GSDMDNtermMembrane Pores." ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Nov 3;13(43):50823-50835. PMID: 34689556
- 5. Wang J, Luo J, et al. "Increased intracellular Cl(-) concentration by activating FAK promotes airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells proliferation and wound healing." Arch Biochem Biophys. 2019 Dec 12:108225. PMID: 31838119
- 6. Antonopoulos, Christina, et al. "Caspase-8 as an Effector and Regulator of NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling." Journal of Biological Chemistry (2015): jbc-M115. PMID: 26100631
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| M.Wt | 746.94 |
| Cas No. | 28643-80-3 |
| Formula | C40H67NaO11 |
| Solubility | insoluble in H2O; insoluble in DMSO; ≥74.7 mg/mL in EtOH |
| Chemical Name | sodium (S)-2-((2R,3S,6R)-6-(((2S,4S,5R,7R,9S,10R)-2-((2R,2'R,3'S,5R,5'R)-5'-((2S,3S,5R,6R)-6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-2,3'-dimethyloctahydro-[2,2'-bifuran]-5-yl)-9-methoxy-2,4,10-trimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-7- |
| SDF | Download SDF |
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]([C@@H](C)C[C@H]1C)[C@@H]2O[C@H]([C@@H](C)C2)[C@]3(C)O[C@H](CC3)[C@@]4(C)O[C@]([C@@H](C)C4)([C@@H]5C)O[C@H](C[C@@H]6O[C@@H]([C@@H](C([O-])=O)C)[C@@H](C)CC6)C[C@@H]5OC.[Na+] |
| Shipping Condition | Small Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice. |
| General tips | We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon. |
| Cell Experiment [1]: | |
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Clone |
Blood Latelets |
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Preparation Method |
Solubility <3.7 mg/mL in DMSO. If a higher concentration of solution, the general steps are as follows: please send a test tube heating at 37°C for 10 minutes and/or place it in the ultrasonic bath in shock for a period of time. Concentrate on -20°C can be placed for months. |
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Reaction Condition |
2 μM；2minutes |
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Experimental Result |
In medium of K+ (combined with ion carrier, with the highest permeability), Nigericin Sodium Salt enhanced platelet aggregation. However, in the medium of choline (combined with ion carrier, has relatively low permeability), Nigericin Sodium Salt inhibited platelet aggregation. In addition, relative to the platelet aggregation rate, Nigericin Sodium Salt have a greater influence on the maximum of platelet aggregation. |
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References: [1]. Kitagawa S, Awai M, Kametani F. Relationship of the effects of nigericin on the aggregation and cytoplasmic pH of bovine platelets in the presence of different cations. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1987, 930(1): 48-54. |
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Quality Control & MSDS
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