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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Insulin-like Growth Factor II (IGF-II) is a potent mitogenic growth factor. However, unlike IGF-I which has important postnatal roles, the growth -promoting function of IGF-II is limited to embryonic development. Insulin-like growth factor I (also known as somatomedin C and somatomedin A) and insulin-like growth factor II (multiplication stimulating activity or MSA) belong to the family of insulin-like growth factors that are structurally homologous to proinsulin. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II share approximately 70% sequence identity. Both IGF-I and IGF-II are expressed in many tissues and cell types and may have autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II are highly conserved (100% identity between human, bovine and porcine proteins) and exhibit cross-species activity. Two specific cell surface receptors that bind IGF-I and IGF-II have been identified. The type I IGF receptor that participates in IGF signaling is structurally related to the insulin receptor. It is a disulfide-linked heterotetrameric transmembrane glycoprotein with an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. Type I IGF receptor binds IGF-I with higher affinity than IGF-II. The type II IGF receptor which binds IGF-II with much higher affinity than IGF-I is also the cation -independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. At the present time, it is not known if the type II IGF receptor participates in the IGF signaling pathway. An additional unknown receptor which mediates IGF-II signaling has also been proposed. Circulating IGFs exist in complexes bound to IGF binding proteins. Currently, at least six high affinity binding proteins have been identified.
Reference
[1]. Harvey MB, et al. (1991) Development. 111(4): 1057-60.
[2]. Peters G, et al. (2003) Virchows Arch. 443(2): 139-45.
[3]. Burrow S, et al. (1998) J Surg Oncol. 69(1): 21-7.
Accession #
P01344.1
Alternate Names
C11orf43; chromosome 11 open reading frame 43; FLJ22066; GRDF; IGF2; IGF-2; IGFII; IGF-II
Source
Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IGF-II/IGF2 protein
Protein sequence
Ala25-Glu91
M.Wt
7.5 kDa
Appearance
Solution protein.
Stability & Storage
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
Concentration
0. 2 mg/mL
Formulation
Dissolved in sterile PBS buffer.
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers.
Biological Activity
Measured in a serum-free cell proliferation assay using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The EC50 for this effect is 0.6-2 ng/mL
Shipping Condition
Shipping with dry ice.
Handling
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.
Usage
For Research Use Only! Not to be used in humans.