Harmine

Harmine, also known as telepathine, is an alkaloid of the β-carboline family that regulates PPARγ expression through inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway. It also selectively binds to MAO-A and reversibly inhibits monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) but not the variant MAO-B[3].Harmine has a severe cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells and holds great promise as an oncologic drug for anticancer treatment[4].

References:

[1] Smith B, Medda F, Gokhale V, et al. Recent Advances in theDesign, Synthesis, and BiologicalEvaluation of Selective DYRK1A Inhibitors: A New Avenue for a DiseaseModifying Treatment of Alzheimer’s?[J]. Acs Chemical Neuroscience, 2012, 3(11):857-72.

[2] Waki H, Park K W, Mitro N, et al. The small molecule harmine is an antidiabetic cell-type-specific regulator of PPARgamma expression.[J]. Cell Metabolism, 2007, 5(5):357-370.

[3] Ginovart N, Meyer J H, Boovariwala A, et al. Positron emission tomography quantification of |[lsqb]|11C|[rsqb]|-harmine binding to monoamine oxidase-A in the human brain[J]. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 2006, 26(3):330-44.

[4] Zhang L, Zhang F, Zhang W, et al. Harmine suppresses homologous recombination repair and inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells[J]. Cancer Biology & Therapy, 2015, 16(11):1585-1592.