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In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Z-YVAD-FMK is a potent cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-1.In Caco-2 cells, Z-YVAD-FMK significantly decreased the growth inhibition induced by butyrate. Complete abrogation of butyrate’s effect occurred at an inhibitor concentration of 100 μmol/L. It is indicated that caspase-1 inhibitor significantly alters the caspase cascade, diminishing the butyrate-induced apoptotic effect [1]. After treated with Alum reflected caspase-1 activation, IL-1-release in cells was blocked by Z-YVAD-FMK. This effect was observed even in MyD88-deficient bone marrow DC [2]. References:1.Avivi-Green C, Polak-Charcon S, Madar Z, et al. Different molecular events account for butyrate-induced apoptosis in two human colon cancer cell lines. J Nutr. 2002 Jul;132(7):1812-8.2.Li H, Nookala S, Re F. Aluminum hydroxide adjuvants activate caspase-1 and induce IL-1beta and IL-18 release. J Immunol. 2007 Apr 15;178(8):5271-6.
Cell lines
Caco-2 (ATCC Number HTB-37)
Preparation method
Limited solubility. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37°C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months.
Reaction Conditions
48 h
Applications
Z-YVAD-FMK significantly downregulates the growth inhibition induced by butyrate in Caco-2 Cells. Complete abrogation of butyrate’s effect occurs at an inhibitor concentration of 100 μmol/L, indicating that caspase-1 inhibitor significantly alters the caspase cascade, diminishing the butyrate-induced apoptotic effect.
Animal models
Albino Wistar rats
Dosage form
Rats were injected intravenously (2 μL) with caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (1.06 mM in 2% DMSO)
Immediately before exposure to damaging light, YVAD significantly reduces caspase-1 activity to 51% ± 34% but has no effect on caspase-3 activity (98% ± 5%). Exposed-YVAD retinas showed caspase-1 activities of 66% ± 33%, respectively. These values were significantly (P <0.02 and P <0.004, respectively) lower than in the Exposed-DMSO group.
Other notes
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.
References:
1. Avivi-Green C, Polak-Charcon S, Madar Z, Schwartz B. Different molecular events account for butyrate-induced apoptosis in two human colon cancer cell lines. J Nutr. 2002 Jul;132(7):1812-8.
2. Perche O, Doly M, Ranchon-Cole I. Caspase-dependent apoptosis in light-induced retinal degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jun;48(6):2753-9.